Safety apparatus for submarines



July 7, 1925.

J. F. WEBB, SR

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES Filed May 5, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 7 45 JEAN F WzamSnQ ATTORNEY July 7, 1925. v 1,544,788

J. F. WEBB, SR

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES Filed May 5, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1.5 T 1&2? 12 Ilia-1..

lN\ ENTOR J'EAN RWEBB. 5R,

ATTORNEY July 7, 1925.. 1,544,788

J. F. WEBB. SR

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES Filed'May 5, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 |NVENTOR\ TEAM F. wzbafim Will/WA ATTORNEY July 7, 1925. 1,544,788

7 J. F. WEBB, SR

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES Filed May 5, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l/ll/ III/11 4 vrul/lrlaullavllllll lI/II IIIIIIIl/IIllII/IIIlI/I Eff-n.

INVENTOR JEAN F. WEBB, 5a.,

Patented July 7, 1925.

PATENT OFFICE.

JEAN F. WEBB, 83., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

' SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES.

Application filed May 3,

To all "Plumb it may concern:

Be it known-that I, JEAN F. WEBB, Sn, a citizen of the United States, residing; at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and- Improved Safety Apparatus for Subfication. I

This invention relates to safety apparatus for submarines and has'for its object to provide means for facilitating the quick relief and rescue of imprisoned crews of submarine vessels that have been accidentally sunk, by injury due to collision, or mechanical failur e,and cannot rise again marines, of which the following is a specito the surface of their own power.

In emergencies of this kind, the very first essential is to provide means for obtaining a constant supply of fresh air, that'life within the sunken vessel may be sustained. The second essential is to provide some means of indicating to relief parties seeking to. rescue the victims and salvage the vessel, the location of such vessel; for .in many cases the tides and cross-currents be-' neath the waters surface carry such submerged vessels so far from the place of sinking that it is very difficult and often impossible to locate their positions so that such rescue and salvaging may be eflected. f

Therefore, in its more detailed nature, the invention seeks to provide float structures releasable from the sunken submarine and equipped to provide means for supplying air to thintericrof said sunken vessel and for providing a means for readily lo- .cating the position thereof and for aiding in the salvaging of the same. One said float is releasable from within the submarine and is adapted to carry to-thc surface therewith a relatively light-weight cable to which is secured a much heavier salvage cable, too heavy to be carried to the surface by said float but readily located and brought into function by reason of such light-weight cable and float connections. The supplying of airto the victims and the signalling of the wreck position being more essential than its salvaging, a specially'constructed float is provided to-carry signalling and air supplying devices tog the waters surface. This- 1924. Serial No..'710,748.

float is constructed to make possible its ejection from the torpedo tube of the vessel, such means of construction and manner of ejection rendering impossible the fouling of the float by accurim'iulatious of sou-weed or the like. Obviously, however, this feature of the invention maybe employed in both float structures if desired.

The invention further resides in, those novel details of construction, con'ibinations and arrangements of parts, all of, which will be first fully described, particularly pointed out in the appended claims, and illustrated in the accoi'npanying drawings, which illustrate one practical adaptation of the iuvention, and in which: I v

' I iguro 1 is a diagrammatic side view illustrating the active relation of the parts of the invention. 4

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the torpedo buoy.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail longi tudinal section of the nose end of the torpedo buoy.

Figure l is an enlarged detail longitudinal section of the base end ofthe torpedo buoy.

Figure 5 is a detail longitudinal section of the air line carrying reel and connections.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view illustrating the salvage buoy and connections therefor. c

Figure 7 is a cross sectional view illustrating a. sealing gasket feature cooperative with the air line in preventing leakage of water throughout the torpedo tube outlet.

Figure 8 is a cross section taken on the line 8-8 on Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section taken 0 the line 9-9 on Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a cross section taken on the line 10-10 on Figure 2.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 9, the .air line bein g shown removed and a closure plug inserted in lieuthcreof.

. ln the drawings, in which like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures-1 generally designates the submarine I upon which the invention is shown as opera-. 0 tively applied, it being understood that the said invention is applicable in cooperation with any of the common types of such vessels in use today. The torpedo tubes the vessel are indicated 2 and the operating compartment is designated The invention embraces the provision of a torpedo float 4 so constructed and connected as to be adapted for being ejected from one of the torpedo tubes 2 of the vessel to rise to and remain on the waters surface there to signal and indicate the position of the sunken vessel to which it isattached, and a salvage float 5 releasably secured to the deck structure of the submarine by operation of n'iechanism operable from within the compartment 3 to enable the same to rise to and remain on the surface of the water to aid in indicating the position of the sunken vessel and, by reason of its peculiar connections therewith, to provide means whereby the sunken vessel may be salvaged or for effectingagreat aid in such salvaging. The peculiar construction of these de vices and the means for connecting them in operable cooperation upon the submarine, so as to provide a really practical submarine safety apparatus, constitute further features of the invention as will soon beapparent. The float 4 is a torpedo shaped float or buoy constructed to comprise a copper shell 6, fitted or covered on the outside with narrow strips or staves 7 of a buoyant wood, (like balsa wood, which is almost as buoyant as cork), to protect the copper shell from injury or crushing at the instance of wave dashed flotsam, and to greatly add to the buoyant nature of the float as a whole when in the Water.

This wood covered float is to be made the proper size and shape to readily fit within the torpedo tubes of the vessel so as to adapt the same for being ejected from the respective one thereof in the same manned employed to discharge torpedoes therefrom. While the float is particularly designed for being compressed-air-ejected, it should. he understood that ejection by explosive agencies and by hand are embraced in the coneeptions of which the present is a disclosure. At the top, the torpedo shaped float d is provided with a conical metal hood or nose 8 to facilitate the passing thereof through any obstructions, such as sea-weed or the like in rising to the surface when ejected from the submarine, and for a. secondary purpose in protecting the lights and check valves placed on the top, end of the float, and hereinafter referred to in detail.

Extending entirely through the hollow float'is a metal. air pipe 9 to the lowerend of which is firmly connected, and safely secured as at 10. the u'ner end of a flexible wire covered air line 11 adapted to be can ried to the surface by the buoyancy of the' rising float when it is ejected, or released, from the interior of the submarine, The

. inc water-tight, a solid rubber gasket i7 memes lower end of the air line remains in communication with the interior of the sub marine, and when connected to any suitable air-pump located therein will be operative to draw in a constant supply of fresh air from the surface, or, by reversing the action of the air pump, the foul air generated in. the submarine can be forced out through it. In this manner perfect ventilation of the interior of the vessel may be had through the one air line;

The upper end of the air line 11. extends through the top of the float a short distance and to it are attached two check valves 1213 in the manner shown in Figure 3. 3

The lower check-valve 12 is designed to open inwardly, so that fresh air can be sucked in through the same and down, through air line 11, into the interior of the submarine by means of the air-pump above mentitued. The upper check-valve 13 opens outwardly, and is used for blowing the foul air out of the submarine through the air hose, when the action of the air-pump is reversed from a suction to a blowing action. The elficicncy of the pump can be greatly increased by attaching a wide-mouth funnel, or horn, (not shown) to the intake of the air-pump, when blowing out foul air.

A small insulated cable Id of electric wires is placed inside the entire length of the air line 11 and up into the metal pipe 9 where the wires pass through insulating bushings and are connected to heavy type electric signal globes inserted into suitable insulated 199 sockets carried by the head or top of the torpedo shaped float, as shown. When the float reaches the surface of the water the lower end of the wires are plugged into the electric battery connections of the vessel so as to effect a lighting of the signal globe, and the float head, thus illumined, can be seen at night by rescue parties. This circuit can also be used in telephoning to the submerged crew by plugging suitable receivin; and transmitting connections into the sockets above and below.

When the float has reached the surface, the opening through which it has been ejected must be closed in the usual manner as when torpedoes are used: but as the air line must remain extended outside the submarine while the float is on the surface. a small opening; 15 inustbe provided in the usual tubc closing doors 16 for it to pass through. The closing: doors 16 represent any type of opposing" door torpedo tube closinn mechanism found practicalto employ.

To cnsure'the holding of this small openmadein f twowsec-t-ions. one carried by each of theopposing tube closure slide doors l6 as atlS, is provided and adapted to sin round the air hose and close it tightly against leakage, see F gures 7 and 8.

, vessel.

rubber. The wire casing wrapped around it can be made of alumi um wire, as it is much lighter n weight t an copper or iron wire, and need. be only of sufficient size to prevent the water pressure from squeezing,

the sides of the air hose together so air cannot pass freely through the same to the The air line 11 is preferably wound around a reel or drum 19, such as is shown in detail in Figure 5 of the drawings, in

order to facilitate the proper launching or ejecting of the torpedo float in a systematic and practical manner without-danger of tangling or breaking of the air line connections. The drum has a hollow chamber 20 with which the submarine end of the air line is in'communication by reason of its connection in the hub 21 of the drum provided for that purpose.

The drum 19 includes a pair of hollow trunnions 22 adapted to have lbearing in suitable supporting bearings 23 to facilitate free rotationof the said drum. A suitable hand brake 24 may be provided to effect perfect control of the paying out of the air line 11, if desired.

One of the drum trunnions 22 is provided with a swivel coupling union connection 25 to which the line connection 26 i of the pump above referred to'may beread- 35' ily connected and the other such trunnion is provided with a contact plug 27 with which the elcctric-wires-carrying cable 14 connects, thus forming a convenient connection for the connector plug 28 which may be connected, through the conducting con- -nection 29, with the submarine batteries, as

and for the purposes above referred to.

The drum may also be provided with a suitable turning crank 30 whereby the same may he turned to effect a reeling in of the air line 11 when desired. Before the torpedo shaped-float i is launched or rather ejected from the sub marine to rise to the surface, the air pump should be attached to the hollow'drnmby connecting thepumpline 26 with. the union 25. id ithe air forced thereinto, and through the sai'ne into and through the coils of the air line 11, throughout its length, until it reaches a safe inside pressure. a

It should he understood that the, great pressure of the water on the check valve 1;; will hold the same closed against the air pressure from within. llykecping the air pump continuously working while the float i:-' rising to the surface the air and water pressure can he sz hstantia lly balanced so that thrtendrncy ofwater to enter the check. valve 12 is reduced to the ininin'ninn The slight difficulty of water entry is negligin lhe sulnncrged vessel.

ble and present only during the time-of ris ing to the surface of the float and the lend-' ency decreases, in degree as the float rises. Any slight amount of water enteringthe line 11 will be quickly expelled by air pres.- sure as the float nears the surface of the water.

This filling of the air line, with slightly compressed air will add to its buoy ancy in rising, will keep it expanded from the inside to resist water pressure, and will effectively prevent water from enteringthe check valves while rising.

pressed air with fresh air from the surface; and this current of fresh air will keep the hose expanded from surface to vessel.

Obviously any type of double acting pump may be used, preferably one-of the hand operated types, and as the exact structure thereof forms no feature of this in;- rention the pump is but diagrammatically illustrated and indicated hythe numeral 31; s

The balsa wood staves 7 should be beveled onthe sides, to insure; a smooth Vhen the float reaches the surface, the action of the. air' pump is promptly reversed into a suction action, which will at once replace the com-f round surface,'and they can be bound with thin brass or aluminum hoops 32. The stavesshould be not less than an inch or more in thickness, to assist the Ibuoyancy ,of the float in' sustaining the air hose. This float can be stored. with other torpedoes .until needed in any emergency.

\Vhen the pump action has been reversed and fresh air thus drawn in to revive and sustain the-crew through check valve 12 and air line 11, the secondary essential, of safety becomes very important. only necessary to indicate on the surface the location of the submerged vessel. but to as-; sist, if possible, in raising it quickly totjhe surface. I

lVith these two objects in view,-I have designed the other formuof hollow copper float 5 having a small light cable 33 attached to it that the float can easily carry to the surface. This small cable-has its lower end firmly attached to a large powerful cable 34. that can'gr'eatly assist in the raising of ihe vessel, as the lower end of it is se. cTtrely fastened as at to the interior frame work so that it can withstand lifting strains;

lVhen the rescuing ship reaches the location indicated by the buoy, they will first, proceed to lift the. buoy on board to secure the smallcable 33; then wrap it around It is not a winch or capstan on'the ship, which will wind it up to bring the large cable 34 on board. This large cable will then be at.- tached to the capstan, and slowly and carefully will be tightened to a lifting' strain Tt' it is oueofv th sn'iuller models. it. may be brought to surface grarh ally; but with larger ones,

that will require several cables to lift them, the secured cable will be of greater assist ance to the divers in attaching others.

This location buoy is carried on deck by frame 36 or cradle of naval bronze, and provided with securing arms 37, pivoted at 38 and connected by moving elements so constructed and arranged that they can be thrown open from the interior of the vessel by the crew, to free the buoy from the cradle so it can float upward to the surface taking with it the small cable 33 to the position shown in Figure No. l. The cables are coiled in a well 39 mounted upon the deck. The mechanism for opening the eradie by the imprisoned crew from the interior consists of swivel screw bearings 40 mounted iii-the lower ends of the arms 37,

a double thread operating screw 41 having a gear 42 secured thereupon, and adapted to have rotation imparted thereto by the gear 43 adapted to be rotated by the hand wheel 44 within the submarine. Placed just be hind the conning tower it will present little resistance in motion.

Backer plates 45 engage the soft rubber asket members 17 and, when engaged by t e forcing screws 46, threaded through the brackets 48 provided for that purpose and secured upon doorslti, serve to compress the said members 17 and to force them in tight relation around the air line 11 and in their relation with the door crevice to efifectively prevent water leaking into the comipart ments of the submarine.

A supporting bearing member 49 may be rovided and be chain connected at 50 to the heat .4 to so support the air line 11 as to greatly aid in preventing flexing thereof at a point which would cause an early breaking thereof.

Copper end plates 51 may be provided, one for each end of the float t, and be bolted and soldered thereto to strengthen the float and render it less liable to injury by shock or leaks. e.

By re erence to Figure 11 of the drawi gs, it will be seen that a suitable solid by in? drical plug member 52 may be inserted through theaperture 15 in the doors is to be acted upon by the gasket halves l7.to provide a watertight joint when the arr line 11 is not in position therebetween.

It ;will also be observed from Figures 2? and 4 of the. drawings that a rubber gasket ring 53 may be, provided and secured to the float 4- at the lower end. thereof (rear end whenbeing ejected) so as to edectively seal the tor edo tube and facilitate theejection of the out therethrough, by compressed air, as is usual in torpedo ejection.

.It is believed that with the inexpensive equipment described, the lives of a crew, and the submarine itself, can always bc saved. its use will also remove the dread of subweaves marine service, in both officers and men in naval service.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a submarine ves sel having a torpedo tube, of a float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, a hollow cable connected with the float and terminating within the submarine vessel to lead air thereinto from above the water surface, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passage of the cable, and a nose having windows and being secured to one end of the float over the said valves.

2. in submarine safety apparatus, a torpedo shaped float adapted for being ejected from the torpedo tube of a sunken submarine, signaling devices mounted on the float, means for clectrically connecting the signaling devices with a source of electric energy within the sunken submarine, a

securing line through which the electrical connections pass and which is sccured'to the float and to and within the sunken submarine, the said line being hollow to permit passage of air therethrough, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow pas-- sage, and a metal reinforce nose having windows and being secured to one end of the float over the signaling devices and the valves,

. 3. The combination with a submarine vessol, of a float adapted to be released from the submarine, a hollow cable connected with the float and terminating within the submarine vessel, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passage of the cable. and a double acting pump adapted to effect a breathing in and out or" fresh and foul air into and out of the submarine vessel through the said cable. l. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube, of a torpedo shaped float adapted to be ejected from the torpedo tube of the submarine, a hollow cab e connected with the float and terminating within the submarine vessel check valves operable to control the hollow passage of the cable, and a double acting pump I adapted to cooperate with the air passage and valves to fill the said passage with partially compressed air to prevent'cable collapse and water induction during ejection of the float and for effecting breathing in and outof fresh and foul air into and. out of the submarine vessel after the float has reached the surface of the sea.

5. in submarine safety apparatus, a ton pedo shaped float adapted for being ejected from the torpedo tube of a sunken sub,

marine, sigoalingdeviccs mounted on the i wit float and to and within the submarine, and a rubber packer gasket surrounding the rear. end of the float to facilitate its ejection from the torpedo tube by compressed air.

.6. In submarine safety apparatus, a t0rpedo shaped float adapted for being ejected from the torpedo tube of a sunken sub,- inarine, signaling devices mounted on the float, means for electrically connecting the signaling devices with a source of electric energy within the sunkensubmarine, a securing line through which the electrical connections pass and which is secured to the float and to and within the sunken submarine, the said line being hollow to permit passage of air therethrough, check valves oppositely. operable to, control the hollow passage, a metal reinforce nose having windows and being secured .to one end of the.

float over the signaling devices and the valves, and a rubber packer gasket surrounding the rear end of the float to facilitate'its ejection from the torpedo tube by compressed air. 7. The combination with asubmarine vessel having a torpedo tube and opposing slidable doors to close the same, of a float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, a hollow cable connected with the float passing through the tube and doors and terminating Within the submarine vessel to lead air thereinto from above the water's surface, opposing gasket members mounted upon the slidable doors, and means for forcing the gasket members together over the cable to prevent water leakage.

8. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube and opposing slidable doors to close the same. of a float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, a hollow cable connected with the float passing through the tube and doors and terminating within the submarine vessel to lead air thereinto from above the water's surface, opposing gasket members slidably carried by the doors, fixed brackets carried by the doors, and screw elements passing through the brackets and acting against the gasket members to cause them to to ccfully oppose each other over the cable to prevent leakage of water.

'9. In submarine safety apparatus, a torpedo shaped float adapted for being ejected from the torpedo tube of a sunken sub.- niarine, signaling devices mounted on the float, means for electrically connecting the signaling devices with a source of electric energy within the sunken submarine, a see curing line through which the ifiOPtl'lUtll connections pass and which secured to the float and to and within the submarine, and a supporting bear ng member for the cable being chain connected to the float bottom to surround the said cable at a point a short distance from said float.

float and to and within the sunken subniarine,'tlie said line being hollow to permit passage of air therethrough,check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passage, a metal reinforce nose having windows and being'secured to one end of the float, over the signaling devices and the valves, a rubber packer gasket surrounding the-rear end of the float to facilitate its ejection from the torpedo tube by coinpressed air and a supporting bearing member for the cable being chain connected to the float bottom to surround the said cable at a point a short distance fromsaid float. 11. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube, ofa torpedo shaped float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, the said float including a wooden stave built casing, metal bands for embracing the staves, a metal reinforce nose spaced from the staves to provide windows, a hollow cable connected with the float and to and within the submarine vessel to lead" air .thereinto from above the waters surface, and check valves housed within the nos and in communication with the cable passage to control the same. 1 The combination with a submarine vessel having atorpedo tube, of a torpedo shaped float adapted to, be ejected through thetorpedo tube the said float including av hollow metal shell, wooden staves cncasing the slicll, inetal bands embracing the slaves, a metal reinforce capovci' each end of the .float a metal reinforce nose spaced from an end of the float to provide windows, a hollow rigid conductor tube passing longitudinally through the float. a flexible hollow conducting and securing cable secured to and communicating witlrthe rigid tube apd to and within the submarine vessel, sigi aling devices mounted on the float and housed by hollow metal shell. wooden staves encasing the shel metal bands embracing the stoves,

a metal reinforce cap over each cud of the float. a metal reinforce nose spacedfrom an end of the float to providewindows, a holill low rigid conductor tube passing longitudinally through the float, a'- flexible hollow conducting and securing cable secured to and communicating with the rigid tube and to and within the submarine vessel, signaling devices mounted on. the float and housed by the nose, means for electrically connecting the signaling devices within the submarine, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passages of tube and line and housed by the nose, and a supporting bearing member for the cable chain connected to the float bottom to surround the said cable at a point a short distance from said float.

14. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube, of a torpedo shaped float adapted to be ejhcted through the torpedo tube, the said float including a lit? hollow metal shell, wooden staves encasing the shell, metal bands embracing the staves, a metal reinforce cap over each end of the float, a metal reinforce nose spaced from an end of the float to provide windows, a hollow rigid conductor tube passing longitudinally through the float, a flexible hollow conducting and securing cable secured to andcommunicating with the rigid tube and to and within the submarine vessel, signaling devices mounted on the float and housed by the nose, means for electrically connecting the signaling devices within the submarine, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passages of tube and line and housed by the nose, and a rubber gasket surrounding the end of the float opposite the nose to facilitate compressed air ejection of the float.

15. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube, of a torpedo shaped float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, the said float including a.

hollow metal shell, wooden stavcs, encasing the shell, metal bands embracing the staves, a metal reinforce cap over each end of the float, a metal reinforce nose spaced from an end of the float to provide Windows, a hollow rid conductor tube passing longitudin through the float, a flexible hollow ron A ting and securing cable secured to and communicating with the rigid tube and to and within the submarine vessel, signaling devices mounted on the float and housed by the nose rnchns for electrically connecting the signitlmg devices within the submarine, check valves oppositely operable to control the hollow passages of tube and line and l'IOHSeCl by the nose, a rubber gasket surr roundin the end of the float opposite the nose to racilitate compressed air ejection of the float. and a supporting bearing member for the cable chain connected to the float bottom to surround the said cable at a point a short distance from said float.

16. The combination with a submarine.

vessel having a torpedo tube, of a float adapted to be ejected through the torpedo tube, a hollow cable connected with the float and terminating within the submarine vessel to lead air thereinto from above the water surface, and a hollow winding drum rotatably mounted within the submarine upon which the cable is reeled before float ejection, and from which it is payed out as ejected, and having a hub to which the cable may be secured to communicate with the hollow of the drum and hollow trunnions, a swivel pump-connecting union connected in one trunnion, and a brake for controlling rotation of the drum.

17. The combination with a submarine vessel having a torpedo tube, of afloat adapted to be e'ected through the torpedo tube, a hollow ca le connected with the float andterminating within the submarine vessel to lead air thereinto fromabove the water surface, check valves operable to control the hollow passage'of the cable, a hollow winding drum rotatably mounted within the submarine upon which the cable is reeled befoi'e float ejection and from which it is payed out as ejected, and'having a hub to which the cable may be secured to communicate with the hollow of the drum and hollow trun,

nions, a swivel pump-connecting union com nected in one trunnion, a brake for controlling rotation of the drum, and a double acting pump adapted to be connected to the connecting union of the drum to cooperate with the hollow thereof and the air passage and valves to fill the said passage with partially compressed air to prevent cable collapse and water induction during ejection of the float and for effecting breathing in and out of fresh and foul air into and out of the submarine vessel after the float has reached the surface of the sea.

18. In submarine safety apparatus, a torpedo shaped float adapted for being ejected rom the torpedo tube of a sunken submarine, signaling devices mounted on the float, means for electrically connecting the signaling devices with a source of electric energy within the "sunken submarine, a securing line through which the electrical connections pass and which is secured to the float and to and-within the submarine, a salva e buoy mounted upon the submarine and r easable. therefrom from within, a light weight cable adapted to be carried to the surface bythe buo a heavy weight salvage cable secured to t e light weight cable and to the submarine and adapted to be drawn to the surface thereby, a well mounted upon the submarine to house the cable when in normal wound condition, the said buoy including an annular flange, pivoted arms having gripping portions at their upper ends for engaging and holding the buoy by its flange, a frame on which the arms are pivotally mounted,

pivoted screw bearing-heads mounted on the the vessel and having its lower endwithin lower arm ends a doublethreaded rod for the vessel, check valves oppositely operable E0 engagiqg the heads to move the arms When to control the passageway of said duct and rotated! and gear vconnections, and a" hand a pump adapted to effect a breathing in aziil 5 Wheel mounted Wit-hiri the submarine for out of fresh and foul air into and. out of the moving the rod. vessel through said duct.

19. In combination with a submarine vesi I sel, a hollow duct adapted to extend a bovc I JEAN F. WEBB, S12. 

